The Issue Of Transsexual Homelessness And Health - 1454 Words

The issue of transsexual homelessness and health has been subjected to debate in the recent discussions that underline the paradigms of safety. The people who identify with a gender that is distinct from which is assigned to them at birth are at a greater risk for being subjected to social isolation, emotional and physical trauma, infectious disease, chemical dependency, discrimination, infectious disease, and the limited access housing, employment opportunities, as well as healthcare. Homelessness is the compounding factor to all these risks facing transsexual individuals (Rew, Whittaker, Taylor†Seehafer Smith, 2005). A misunderstanding of gender variance has resulted in many having negative attitude towards transsexual individuals to the extent of rendering them homeless. The analysis in this paper is aligned to the issue of homeless among the transsexual persons by investigating the entire spectrum of the issue. In a general analysis the paper will highlight the extraordi nary conditions that lead to transsexual individuals experiencing homelessness besides the same reasons that the other ‘normal’ individuals are rendered homeless- the inability to afford housing, addiction and mental health problems, being abused physically and being estranged by their own families (Rew, Whittaker, Taylor†Seehafer Smith, 2005). This paper covers the issue of homelessness among transgender in the realms of the different ages, the psychological effects, and the reasons why they areShow MoreRelatedControversy Of Sex Changes And The Rights Of Transgenders1335 Words   |  6 Pagesthose with identities that cross over, move between,or otherwise challenge the socially constructed border between the genders. While this can include medical or social transition, it may not.’ There is a difference between transgenders and transsexuals. 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Although this is now equal to the non-LGBT community, there is still some major issues that are not the same such as marriage and adoption as the LGBT community all not allowed to do this by law only in Northern Ireland not the rest of the UK. While researching history I found it hard to get a quick over view from the beginning until

The Great Gatsby Quotations Free Essays

Figurative Language: Foreshadowing is used in this. When Jordan says this it foreshadows on the accident Of Daisy hitting Myrtle. 3) â€Å"Some time toward midnight Tom Buchanan and Mrs. We will write a custom essay sample on The Great Gatsby Quotations or any similar topic only for you Order Now . Wilson stood face to face in impassioned voices whether Mrs.. Wilson had any right to mention Daisy name. â€Å"Daisy! Daisy! Daisy! † shouted Mrs.. Wilson. â€Å"I’ll say it whenever want to! Daisy! Dad-† Making a short deft movement Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand. Importance: The importance of this quote is showing how the richer class people think that being snobs makes them â€Å"fancy†. It shows how the era this book was set in was a time much different hen ours. Symbolism: This shows how Tom is unworthy of Daisy and her love, no matter what his social status. It is also showing the darker side of the jazz era. Seeming Nick did not respond to Tom hitting myrtle this shows you his non-judgmental side to him. Figurative Language: Personification is used here when â€Å"Impassioned voices† is said, as well as â€Å"a short deft movement. † 4) â€Å"l believe that on the first night I went to Gatsby house I was one of the few guests who had actually been invited. People were not invited-?they went there. Importance: The importance Of this quote is that it is showing how society used Gatsby, they didn’t know him or particularly like him, but they felt more then happy, and welcome to party at his house. Even though he would throw a party for all of New York the East egger wouldn’t accept him. This also shows the general corruption of the roari ng ass’s. It also helps show that people wanted to escape from their empty lives. Symbolism: This quote helps show that for some reason Gatsby wanted to meet Nick, he wanted to make sure that Nick showed up. Which then helps you realize that Nick has a connection to someone or something that Gatsby wants. Which would be Daisy. Figurative Language: Foreshadowing is used. Because the fact that Gatsby invited Nick, and no one else shows that he wants to see him badly for some reason. Which is then explained later on in the book. 5) â€Å"A stout, middle-aged man, with enormous owl-eyed spectacles, was sitting somewhat drunk on the edge of a great table, staring with unsteady concentration at the shelves of books. As we entered he wheeled excitedly around and examined Jordan from head to foot. â€Å"What do you think? † he demanded impetuously. â€Å"About what? † He waved his hand towards the bookshelves â€Å"About that. As a matter of fact you needn’t bother to ascertain. I ascertained they re real. â€Å"The books? † He nodded. â€Å"Absolutely read-they have pages and everything. I thought theft be a nice durable cardboard. Matter of fact they’re absolutely real. Pages and-Here! Lemma show you. † Importance: This quote is important to the plays pot because it helps describe how real of a man Gatsby is compared to the rest of the people in society. It shows how Gatsby is genuine, and isn’t just an illusion like everybody else in society in the ass’s was. Symbolism: The constant bringing up of â€Å"owl eyes† in the book is symbolizing wisdom. It symbolizes that Gatsby is a wise man. It also symbolizes for how Gatsby is blinded by assays beauty and for his love for her. Figurative Language: Owl eyes is used as a symbol in this quote, they come up often in the book. They symbolize for how Gatsby has a difficult time separating the ideal from the real. 6) â€Å"l hope she’ll be a fool-?that’s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool†¦ You see, I think everything terrible anyhow†¦ And I know. I’ve been everywhere and seen everything and done everything. Importance: Daisy says this to Nick and Jordan, talking about how she hopes her daughter will turn out. Importance of this is that it shows that she lives in a time when Oman are not expected to be quite intelligent, she hopes that her daughter can be a â€Å"beautiful fool†. Woman in this era were expected to be docile. Importance to Character: This shows how she refers to the social values of her era, but does not challenge them. Instead Daisy describes her own boredom with life, and believes that a girl can have more fun in her time when she is beautiful and simplistic. Daisy conforms to the social standard of American femininity in the 1 dad’s to avoid tension issues as her undying love for Gatsby. Figurative Language: This foreshadows on Tom having a mistress because Daisy is a fool. She has no idea that Tom has a mistress, so she herself is a â€Å"beautiful† fool. 7) ‘There must have been moments even that afternoon when Daisy tumbled short of his dreams-not through her own fault but because of the colossal vitality of his illusion. It had gone beyond her, beyond everything. He had thrown himself into it with a creative passion†¦ † Importance: The importance of this quote is that it explains how Gatsby expected more out of Daisy then what she could give. He expected her to be the same Daisy that he had fallen in love with before the war, and he expected her to love only Gatsby and not Gatsby and Tom. Symbolism: This shows that Gatsby is that Daisy is the golden girl. A symbolic validation that his love for her makes him a real man, while to Daisy, Gatsby is symbolic of freedom and escape, everything that Daisy wants 8) â€Å"She was appalled by West Egg†¦ By its raw vigor that chafed†¦ And by the too obtrusive fate that herded it’s inhabitants along a short-cut from nothing to nothing. She saw something awful in the very simplicity she failed to understand† Importance: This quote shows how Daisy is a judgmental character and does not understand what it is like to not have much money to upend. Daisy doesn’t understand the amusement of new wealth partying crowd. Daisy grew up knowing that there must be a concrete difference between poor and rich. Daisy and Tom like the old traditional way of wealth, the status and reputation. They like the â€Å"classy’ way of life, so when there is woman there asking to daisy to have a cold shower, she is disgusted that a woman would let herself get that drunk. Symbolism: This quote shows how Daisy loves Gatsby. Even though this party disgusted her and Tom, she still tries to defend Gatsby when Tom says something nasty about the party. She rises to explain that a lot of people who weren’t invited must have came, and those were the people that are acting not appropriately. 9) â€Å"You ought to go away:’ I said. â€Å"It’s pretty certain thefts trace your car† â€Å"Go away now, old sport? â€Å"Go to Atlantic city for a week, or up to Montreal† He wouldn’t consider it. He couldn’t possibly leave Daisy until he knew what she was going to do. He was clutching at some last hope and couldn’t bear to shake him free. † Importance: This quote shows that Gatsby is too hung up on Daisy that he can’t leave without her. He believes himself to be so in love with her that e can’t leave. Gatsby doesn’t know that his life is at risk because Mr.. Wilson is running around the countryside trying to find the owner of the yellow car. Symbolism: This quote shows how Gatsby lives Off Of hope. It shows how hope is the only thing that is keeping him from loneliness, and from just giving up. 0) minis is a valley of ashes-?a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens; where ashes take forms of houses and chimneys and rising smoke and, finally, with a transcendent effort, of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air. Occasionally a line of gray cars crawls along an invisible track, gives out a ghastly creak, and comes to rest, and immediately the ash-gray men swarm up with leaden spades and stir up an impenetrable cloud, which screens their obscure operations form your sight. Importance: The valley of ashes is a dividing point between West egg and East egg, It is a division between two totally different life styles, West egg is a place full of people who are happy and searching for what to be, while East egg is full of people who are wealthy and spend money on whatever they like, while in the middle, is the valley of ashes. A place that is burnt down, nothing but grey from ashes, where it is filthy and dusty, and people are just getting by. Symbolism: The Valley of Ashes symbolizes for a place of death, of something dark. It symbolizes that dreams are left there, and that there is no hope there. The Valley of Ashes is a place where god sees everything, because of the large billboard with the dry in the large glasses on it. 1 1) â€Å"It makes me sad because Eve never seen such- beautiful shirts before† Importance: This quote shows you how Daisy is very materialistic. After seeing Gatsby mansion, and finally seeing his bedroom and the mount of money/things he ash, she becomes overwhelmed. Symbolism: The shirts symbolize for something of the bigger picture. They symbolize a rainbow, especially because it is raining outside. The shirts show her how Gatsby become wealthy for her to love him because he knows that she is materialistic, she starts sobbing because she knows she can never return the ardent love for him. 12) ‘They were careless people, Tom and Daisy—they smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness, or whatever it was that kept them together and let other people clean up the sees they had made† Importance: Tom is careless because he goes out and cheats on Daisy with myrtle, while Daisy is careless because she lets Tom go out and snoop. It makes you wonder how Gatsby received his endless amounts of money he seems to have. 4) â€Å"If it wasn’t for the mist we could see your home across the bay†¦ You always have a green light that burns all night at the end of your dock. † Importance: This quote shows how Gatsby is so in love with Daisy that he bought a house right across the bay from her, just so he could see the green light at the end of her dock. It’s not quite enough for him, but its just enough to keep that hope their in Gatsby mind. Symbolism: The green light is a symbolic representation of Daisy, Which is everything that Gatsby desires. It shows how much he truly loves her. 15) ‘With every word she was drawing further and further into herself, so he eve that up, and only the dean dream fought on as the afternoon slipped away, trying to touch what was no longer tangible, struggling unhappily, UN- despairingly, toward the lost voice across the room† Importance: This quote shows how when Gatsby is speaking to Daisy, he realizes that she will never be his, the way that she was before. He realizes that he had lost her for good, and that she was never coming back again. Symbolism: This quote shows an illusion. It shows how Daisy was all a made up illusion in his mind, and he made her to be greater then what she actually was. Just like the American Dream, his hopes were crushed. How to cite The Great Gatsby Quotations, Papers

Bhakti Poetryconcepts and Aesthetics free essay sample

The common man in India understands the word as religious devotion in a general sense, regardless of the differences in the forms of its manifestation, caused by variations of beliefs and practices. But the academics understand it differently. In all scholastic works, bhakti is treated a specific religious mode. It is defined in terms of a belief and an attachment to a personal God. † The medieval schools of bhakti believed that there is one supreme divine person whom the human soul, as a finite spiritual being, eternally seeks. They also believed that as long as the human soul does not realise its true spiritual nature, it wanders unhappy from birth to birth. According to them, the grace of god awakens the soul to its spiritual nature, which creates a longing for the infinite spirit, which they said was same as bhakti. â€Å"The history of bhakti is the history of a growing spiritualization of religion, i. e. to say of a movement increasingly away from external ritualism in practice and a growing sense of nearness of the deity in experience. 1 This moving away from ritualism and laying emphasis on the experience began in the southern part of India by the Vaishnavite Alvars and Shaivite Nayanars and came to be known as the Bhakti Movement. The movement spread throughout India in the due course of time. It not only had an impact on religious beliefs and rituals but also on arts and cultures. It led to the growth of regional languages, devotional songs and poetry. Poetry played an important part in Bhakti Movement. Though the aim of the movement in the south was same as in the north, the style of Bhakti poetry of the south 1 Susmita Pande(1982), pg? 12. differed with that of the north. When studying Bhakti poetry, we come across terms like Dohas, Ramainis and Pads: †¢ Dohas (two liners) or Sakhis (witnessings), also called sloks by Sikhs. These couplets can either be recited or sung. †¢ Ramainis are rhymed lyrics that end in a Doha †¢ Pads(verses) or Sabdas(words). These are sung compositions whose length varies from four verses to twelve or more. Each begins with a title verse that also serves as refrain. The Bhakti proponents of northern India were generally called sants or bhakts depending on the School the belonged to. The Schools we are talking about were the Nirguna and Saguna Schools. The Nirguna School did not believe in image worship as they believed that god was without attributes. They used the word Ram in their poems to address god. They believed, god was nameless, imageless. Their proponents were called sants. Famous amongst them were Kabir and Ravidas. On the other side was the Sagun School, which believed in god with attributes and they poems surrouned around the images and stories of Krishna and Rama. Their proponents were called bhakts. Among the famous bhakts were Surdas, Tulsidas and Mirabai. Irrespective of the schools, proponents of both sides propagated a doctrine that transcended the caste system and encouraged individuals to seek personal union with the supreme divine. Their messages of personal religion were conveyed to the people through the their pads. These pads and the Bhakti saints’ teachings had a great impact on the lives of the people of their times. I will now take one sant and one bhakt and look into their works and theories. Then I will look into the question of women in Bhakti poetry through Mirabai’s poems. KABIR THE SANT: Kabir, who lived around the 15th century, believed in the fundamental equality of man. His belief was based on the essential unity of God. In this regard, he says: Only the One I recognize Those who call him two will go to hell For they know not the reality. All human beings are sustained by the same air and water, And are illuminated by the same light. And all have been formed out of the same dust, And their creator is the same. 2 Kabir, a critic of his contemporary society questions the caste system by asking weather the Brahmans had milk in their veins and the Sudras had blood. If this was not so then why were Brahmans Brahmans and Sudras Sudras? He also questions that if the Brahmans were superior then why were they not born in a different way? Kabir does not stop only at caste but goes on to creed as well. He upheld the concept of the unity of God? head and denounced the differences between different religious followers, especially between Hindus and Muslims. Kabir’s poems can be categorized into two regions. One is the Rajasthan? Punjab western poetry and the others are the poems of Kabir from Banaras. Kabir is worshipped in the Kabir Panth (Kabir’s path), which is a community of people from humble backgrounds. These followers of Kabir have the responsibility for assembling the poetry collected in a volume called the Bijak. If we study the Bijak poems of Kabir closely, we find his poems oozing with confidence. Through these poems Kabir was ready to challenge any authority of any religion, be it the Qazi or the Brahmin. The Banarasi Bijak poems of Kabir do 2 Kabir’s Padavali, pg? 55. not acknowledge any deities. In his poems we can find the use of the word ‘Ram’ not as Lord Rama of the Ramayana but as a general word for God. If there is the mention of any Gods in any of Kabir’s Bijak poems then these are not to acknowledge them but rather in denial. There is no mention of Goddesses in any of the Bijaki poems of Kabir. On analysing the western style of Kabiri poems, we find many of Kabirs poems have been incorporated into the Sikh Granths. Along with poems of Sikh Gurus, Kabir’s poems are sung in congregational worship even today. In spite of different sects or religions following Kabir’s teachings, there is not even a slightest sign of any affinity to any religion in Kabir’s poems. What Kabir believed was the fundamental oneness of man and human spirit. He rejected the caste system as well as the inequalities based on the belief in superiority of a particular race or religion. He said that all human beings are made of skin, blood and bones and there can be no differentiation on the basis of religion. Kabir, as I have stated earlier, lived around the 15th century. If we reflect back today and see, for a person of the lower caste, like Kabir, to write about unity, equality and brotherhood of all at a time when society believed in religious and racial superiority truly looks revolutionary. TULSIDAS’ AESTHETICS OF POETRY: Tulsidas is considered to be one of the best poets of Hindi literature. He was a liberal Brahmin who translated the Ramayana into popular Hindi. His Ramayana would later become northern India’s single most important religious text. His Ramacharitamanasa according to A. A. Macdonnell, is ‘a kind of Bible to a hundred millions of people of northern India. ’ Nothing elated M. K. Gandhi ‘like the music of Gita and Ramayana of Tulidas. ’3 His writings are rich with deep thoughts and inspiring sentiments. Of all the Bhakti poets, Tulsidas took an integrated and holistic view of society and this is very much visible in his poetry. Tulsidas talks about the aesthetics of Bhakti poetry. In this regard he says that a word and its meaning are very closely related. One that is meaningless is beyond usage and exists only in the mind of a thinker but would certainly not have any place in poetry. According to him though a word and its meaning look separate, they are actually not. â€Å"Tulsidas observes that the word is one with its meaning, as water with the wave, though they are distinguished in speech. †4 Tulsidas uses the words sundara, madhura and manjula for beauty but does not give a definition of beauty. Beauty, he thinks, cannot be described; for sight is without speech and speech is without sight. †5 Tulidas finds it impossible to depict the beauty of Rama and Sita in words. In his poetry we find that he has handled the sentiments of love and humour with morality and propriety. He is very definite on the concept of poetry. In regards to the Constituents of Poetry, Bharadwaj says that, â€Å"Comp osition is diverse according to its words, meanings, figures of speech, and metres. It consists of various kinds of emotion, sentiment, rasa, excellence, and defect. Bhamaha, Dandi, Kesava and some others laid emphasis on figures of speech (alankara); Vamana on style (riti), Kuntaka on innuendo (vakrokti), 3 Bharadwaj(1979), pg? 340. 4 Ibid pg? 267. 5 Das(1922) I? pg? 228 Anandavardhana and Abhinavagupta on sonus (dhvani); and Bharata muni and Visvanatha on rasa. But Mammata demanded that a literary composition should be full of merits (guna) and be devoid of defects (dosa), even though there were or were not any figures of speech or embellishments. In a like strain Tulsidas admits many kinds of word, meaning, metre, and composition, and lso innumerable varieties of emotion, sentiment, rasa, excellence and defect,†¦.. †6 it was therefore necessary, that a poet should have mastery over vocabulary (kosa), figures of speech (alankara), coalition (sandhi), flow (gati), concord (maitri), and choice of words and letters (varnavichara). 7 WOMEN IN BHAKTI POETRY: Bhakti poetry was not only lyrical. It also through its lyrics raised a voice aga inst many prevailing social values and traditions. Whenever we think of devotees of lord Krishna, few names like Surdas, Chaitanya and Mirabai come to our minds instantly. Mirabai’s devotion for Krishna can be termed as love and by publicly expressing this love in the form of singing and dancing Mirabai violated the existing norms of her times. Mirabais poems can be classified roughly into four categories: 1. Poems of salutation, 2. Poems of love for Krishna, 3. Poems of dissatisfaction with the world and a certain Rana, and 4. Poems of separation. Mirabais most powerful poems are those in which she accepts Krishna as 6 Bharadwaj(1979) pg? 268. 7 Ibid pg? 267. her husband and describes her loving devotion to him. In most of her compositions, the body is female and the love is wound. In one of Mirabai’s poems, the translation reads: He has bound my heart with the powers he owns, MotherHe with the lotus eyes. Arrows like spears: this body is pierced, and Mother, he’s gone far away. When did it happen, Mother? I don’t know but now it’s too much to bear. Talismans, spells, medicinesI’ve tried, but the pain won’t go. Is there someone who can bring relief? Mother, the heart is cruel. Here I am, near, and you are not far: Hurry to me, to meet. Mira’s MountainLifter Lord, have mercy, cool this body’s fire! LotusEyes, with the powers you own, Mother, With those powers you’ve bound. In this poem we see that Mirabai is addressing a female friend with the general expression ‘Mother’. As the poem proceeds we realise that she is actually appealing to Krishna. Her friend may stand near her, but Krishna is the person she really hopes is ‘not far. ’ This is who she really wants to meet. 9 He re we can study gender realities? male is the inflictor of injury (Krishna) and female is the 8 Hawley (2005), 168 9 ibid injured party (Mirabai herself). Mirabai’s poems also contain a sense of longing and erotic love. There is a double fantasy of weakness and control. CONCLUSION: The Bhakti movement cannot be called a mass movement for it did not directly aim at changing the living conditions of the masses. It was a movement whose aim was individual salvation. For the Bhakti proponents, real devotion was not the renunciation of the world. Devotion for them was repeating God’s name and seeking him within oneself while carrying out the daily duties. They propagated humanism and individualism. They were against any form of organised or institutionalised religion. Its ultimate goal was mystical union with god and it used poetry to achieve this goal. Bhakti poetry reached the masses and showed them the path to reach God. Till today many people read the Gita or Quran without actually understanding it but Bhakti poetry was not only read, recited or sung by the masses but their deep rooted meanings were understood by the people. Bhakti perfected the notion of man and god and of ritual and conduct. The movement liberated many people spiritually.